Research on the Spillover Effect of Higher Education Agglomeration on the Regional Innovation Efficiency
Innovation is the primary driving force behind a nation's development.The high-quality human capital nurtured through higher education serves as the crucial vehicle for realizing advancements in the country's innovative technologies.The clustering of higher education not only empowers human capital with knowledge but also significantly contributes to enhancing the vibrancy of regional innovation through advanced technologies.Based on the theoretical exploration of the efficiency of regional innovation driven by the clustering of higher education and the panel data from 31 provinces in China from 2003 to 2020,the spatial spillover effects and decay boundaries of higher education clustering on regional innovation efficiency were examined empirically by using dynamic spatial Durbin Model.The research results indicate that firstly there is a significant spatial correlation between higher education agglomeration and regional innovation effi-ciency in various provinces,showing high-high and low-low agglomeration spatial distribution;secondly,higher education agglomeration not only promotes regional innovation efficiency in the local,but also has a significant spillover effect on regional innovation efficiency in neighboring provinces;specifically,higher ed-ucation agglomeration promotes innovation efficiency in the region,as well as in neighboring regions,through knowledge spillover effects,human capital effects,and social network effects;in addition,innova-tion efficiency improvement in the province facilitates innovation efficiency in neighboring provinces,and the stronger the innovation efficiency is in the current period,the more likely it will improve in the next pe-riod;thirdly,the spillover effect of higher education agglomeration has a spatial attenuation;specifically,there is a positive spillover effect within 700 km,a negative spatial inhibition effect from 700 to 1,400 km,and no spatial spillover after 1,400 km;additionally,such spillover effect has spatial heterogeneity;fourthly,among the control variables,economic development,industrial structure upgrading,and government inter-ventions all have significant promoting effects on regional innovation efficiency,while the scale of external openness has a negative inhibiting effect.Therefore,it is necessary to focus on gathering high-level institu-tions,fully leverage the spillover effects generated by the aggregation of higher education,and strive to over-come the geographical distance limitations of higher education aggregation through the external advantages of social networks,thereby achieving coordinated innovation and development within the province.
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