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精英大学"小镇做题家"的生存状态与行动逻辑

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新兴弱势阶层大学生代表"小镇做题家"群体进入高等教育场域之后的发展境况受到社会各界的广泛关注.在参考大学生发展理论的基础上,以国内两所顶尖大学作为样本选择场域,通过半结构访谈和实物资料分析的质性研究方法,对"小镇做题家"在精英大学中的学术性发展和社会性发展表现以及内在行动逻辑进行探究,呈现精英大学"小镇做题家"的生存状态.研究发现,在课堂上,"小镇做题家"认真专注,但不敢发言、不愿发言甚至不会发言,在小组合作中扮演着迎合他人意见的执行者角色;在课堂外,他们倾向于自我埋头苦干而不寻求帮助,导致自己在新的学习场域中疲惫不堪;在校园社会活动参与方面,由于对社会活动的意义与价值缺乏清晰的认知,他们误将自身文化资本的匮乏看作胜任力不足,因此拒绝参与社会活动;在人际交往方面,他们表现为行为上被动交往、心理上主动疏离的状态,习惯通过"同类人"标准人为框定一个社交安全区.不论是在学术性发展还是社会性发展方面,精英大学中的"小镇做题家"像是一个缩在套子里的青年,沉默、被动和社恐的表象背后实际上是他们内心的自卑和不自信.在这样的心理驱动下,他们更愿意以一种"逃避"的方式来进行自我保护,通过拒绝参与群体活动的方式来掩饰自我与他人的殊异,缩进自我编织的套子之中默默挣扎、艰难前行.因此,"小镇做题家"面临的困境突破不仅需要"小镇做题家"自身发挥最大的能动性实现与自我的和解,更需要高校管理者精准施策,助力"小镇做题家"在大学中的成长与发展.
The Living State and Action Logic of"Small-town Swot"in Elite Universities
The development of"Small-town Swot"group entering the field of higher education represented by the newly disadvantaged college students has attracted extensive attention from all walks of life.On the basis of reference to the theory of college students'development,taking two top universities in China,T University and P University,as the sample selection field,the academic and social development performance and internal action logic of"Small-town Swot"in elite universities were explored through semi-structured interviews and physical data analysis,and the results show the living scenarios of"Small-town Swot"in elite universities.The study found that,in the classroom,the"Small-town Swot"has always been serious and focused.However,they are hesitant to speak,unwilling to speak or even unable to speak,and always play the role of executors who cater to the opinions of others in group cooperation;outside of the classroom,they tend to bury themselves in hard work and not to seek help,leading to exhaustion in the new learning environment;in terms of participating in campus social activities,they refuse to be involved in social activities due to lacking of clear understanding of the significance and value of social activities,and mistakenly view their lack of cultural capital as insufficient competence;in terms of interpersonal communication,they exhibit a state of passive contact in behavior and active alienation in psychology,and are accustomed to framing a social safety zone based on the standards of"peers".Whether in academic or social development,the"Small-town Swot"in elite universities is like a young man hiding in case.Behind their image of silence,passivity and social phobia is their inner inferiority and diffident.Under such psychological drive,they are more willing to protect themselves in an"escape"way.Therefore,they hide the differences between themselves and others by refusing to get involved in the group,struggling silently and struggling to move forward.As a result,it is not only necessary for the"Small-town Swot"to give full play to its own initiative to achieve reconciliation with themselves,but also for university administrators to make precise decisions to help the"Small-town Swot"grow and develop in universities.

Small-town Swotacademic developmentsocial developmentdevelopment of undergraduateseducational equity

李琳璐

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重庆师范大学 教育科学学院,重庆 401331

小镇做题家 学术性发展 社会性发展 大学生发展 教育公平

重庆市社会科学规划博士项目重庆师范大学校级基金项目重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目

2023BS09323XWB010KJQN202300530

2024

重庆高教研究
重庆文理学院,重庆市高等教育学会

重庆高教研究

CHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.996
ISSN:1673-8012
年,卷(期):2024.12(4)