Advances of omics biomarkers in individualized warfarin therapy
Warfarin is the most widely used anticoagulant drug for the prevention and treatment of venous and arterial thrombo-embolic diseases.It has a narrow therapeutic window and significant individual differences in drug efficacy,making it a focus in indi-vidualized medication.The same dosage of warfarin can lead to inadequate anticoagulation or excessive bleeding in different patients due to varying therapeutic responses.For the predictionof Warfarin dosage,even with the combination of genomics,about 50％of the dosage variance remains unexplained.In recent years,with the development of multi-omics technologies,metabolomics and micro-biomics have offered new opportunities for individualized warfarin therapy.Through a deeper understanding of patients'metabolomic profiles and gut microbiota,it can more accurately predict individual warfarin dosage requirements,thereby improving therapeutic ef-fects and reducing the risk of adverse reactions.The paper mainly reviews metabolomics and microbiomics biomarkers related to indi-vidualized warfarin therapy.
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