G Protein-Coupled Receptor 37(GPR37)is widely expressed in multiple brain regions such as the substantia nigra and striatum,and in various types of immune cells including microglia and oligodendrocytes.It plays a crucial role in the regulation of important processes such as the development,differentiation and survival of the nervous system.Common neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease,stroke involve mechanisms that lead to neuronal damage,imbalances in neuronal synapses,inflammation and acti-vation of the immune system.However,due to the incomplete understanding of their specific pathogenic mechanisms,effective clinical treatments are still lacking.Recent studies have shown that GPR37 not only directly bind to the corresponding receptors on neurons to regulate signaling pathways affecting neuronal activity,but also indirectly influence neuronal function by modulating surrounding im-mune cells.This article reviews the key role and regulatory mechanism of GPR37 in neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease,stroke,leukoencephalopathy,glioma,mental illnesses.
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