Correlation between ApoE gene polymorphism and cognitive impairment in the elderly
Objective The study aims to analyze the correlation between apolipoprotein E(ApoE)gene polymorphism and cognitive impairment in the elderly.Methods The clinical data of 106 elderly patients with cognitive impairment in Puren Hospital affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology were retrospectively analyzed between January 2020 and June 2022 and the cases were selected as cognitive impairment group,and 84 elderly healthy subjects with physical examination during the same period were collected as the control group.The baseline data such as serumβ amyloid 1-42(Aβ1-42),Aβ1-40 and microtubule-associated protein Tau,phosphorylated Tau181(p-Tau181),and ApoE genotype and al-lele frequency distribution were compared between the two groups.The relationship between ApoE gene polymorphism and the cognitive impairment type in the observation group was analyzed.Results The Mini-Mental State Evaluation(MMSE)score and Montreal Cogni-tive Assessment(MoCA)score of the cognitive impairment group were lower than those of the control group(P＜0.05),while the levels of se-rum Aβ1-42,Aβ1-40,Tau and p-Taul81 were higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05).The ApoE genotype and allele frequencies between the two groups were significantly different(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors,the odds ratio(OR)of cognitive impairment in patients carrying ε4 allele with 95％CI(1.239-5.861)was 2.701 and P＜0.05.In cognitive impairment group,the frequency of ApoE 4 allele in the patients with dementia was significantly higher than that in the pa-tients with mild cognitive impairment(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis revealed that after adjusting for confounding factors,the OR of dementia in the patients with ε4 allele was 2.779 with 95％CI(1.475-5.234)and P＜0.05.Conclusion ApoE ε4 allele can in-crease the risk of cognitive impairment in the elderly population in this region,and also has a positive effect on promoting the progres-sion of cognitive impairment.
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