Analysis of the safety and efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy tablets for dust mite in allergic rhinitis
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sublingual immunotherapy tablets for patients with dust mite-in-duced allergic rhinitis.Methods A randomized,double-blind study was conducted from September to November 2017 involving 300 patients from the Department of Otolaryngology at the Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University.Patients were randomly assigned to a placebo group(sublingual sugar pill)and a dust mite sub-lingual immunotherapy group(sublingual dust mite immunotherapy tablets),with 150 patients in each group.The treatment period last-ed 52 weeks,with the average adjusted symptom score(AASS)over the final 8 weeks as the primary evaluation criterion.Secondary evaluation criteria included individual nasal and ocular symptom scores,relief medication usage,and Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire scores.The clinical effects and safety of the dust mite sublingual immunotherapy group and the placebo group were compared.Results From the 44th to 52nd week,the average symptom score,overall composite score,total symptom score for rhinocojunctivitis,and individual nasal and ocular symptom scores(including sneezing,rhinorrhea,nasal congestion,nasal itching,and tearing)in the dust mite sublingual immunotherapy group were significantly improved compared to the placebo group(P<0.001).The dust mite sublingual immunotherapy group showed a significant reduction in medication use compared to the placebo group (P=0.007).The life impairment scores of the patients in the dust mite sub-lingual immunotherapy group were significantly improved(P<0.001).The nasal and ocular symptom scores and quality of life questionnaire scores in the dust mite sublingual immunotherapy group were significantly higher than those in the placebo group(P<0.05).Patients in the dust mite sublingual immunotherapy group showed significant improvements in daily activities,outdoor activities,social function-ing,and physical barriers compared to the placebo group(P<0.05).The incidence of total adverse drug reactions in the dust mite sub-lingual immunotherapy group was higher than that in the placebo group(P<0.05).Conclusion Dust mite sublingual immunothera-py tablets are effective in treating dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis,significantly improving nasal and ocular symptoms with high safe-ty,reducing the usage rate of allergy relief medications,while maintaining high safety.
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