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我国居民医疗服务利用状况的影响因素分析

Analysis on Influencing Factors of Status of Utilization of Medical Service of Residents in China

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目的:探索我国居民医疗服务利用状况的影响因素,为促进基本医疗服务均等化提供参考.方法:使用2020 年中国家庭追踪调查个人库和家庭经济库数据,经整理后获得18124 个城乡居民样本.结合安德森模型,运用logistic回归和多重线性回归模型分析居民医疗服务利用状况的影响因素.结果:回归结果显示,居住地点显著影响居民的医疗服务利用概率、利用水平和利用偏好(P<0.01),户籍身份仅对医疗服务利用概率和利用偏好产生影响(P<0.01),医疗服务利用概率、利用水平和利用偏好还分别受到性别、年龄、受教育年限、婚姻状况、移动设备上网情况、对医生的信任程度、家庭年收入、社会地位、医疗保险、健康状况、患慢性病情况和疾病严重程度的影响(P<0.05).结论:性别、年龄、受教育年限、移动设备上网情况等因素对医疗服务利用状况产生差异化影响,居民医疗服务利用状况还存在显著的城乡差异.因此,一方面应在开展相关研究时充分关注医疗服务利用状况的指标选取问题,另一方面应通过消除居民获取医疗服务的能力障碍和资源障碍推动城乡基本医疗服务的均等化发展.
Objective:To explore the influencing factors in residents'medical service utilization in China,so as to provide reference for promoting the equalization of basic medical services.Methods:A sample of 18124 urban and rural residents was ob-tained using data from the individual database and the household economic database of China family panel studies in 2020.Com-bined with Andersen model,logistic regression and multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the influencing factors in residents'medical service utilization.Results:The regression results showed that the location of residence significantly affected resi-dents'probability of medical service utilization,utilization level and utilization preference(P<0.01),household registration identi-ty only affected the probability of medical service utilization and utilization preference(P<0.01),and they were also affected by gender,age,years of education,marital status,access to the Internet on mobile devices,trust in doctors,annual household in-come,social status,medical insurance,health status,chronic disease status and disease severity respectively(P<0.05).Conclu-sion:Factors such as gender,age,years of education,and access to the Internet on mobile devices have different impacts on medi-cal service utilization,and there are significant urban-rural differences in residents'medical service utilization.Therefore,on the one hand,we should pay full attention to the selection of indicators for the utilization of medical services when conducting relevant research,and on the other hand,the equalization of basic medical services between urban and rural areas should be promoted through the elimination of capacity and resource barriers to access to medical services.

Medical Service UtilizationResidentInfluencing Factor

李霖

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中央民族大学管理学院, 北京, 100081

医疗服务利用 居民 影响因素

国家自然科学基金资助项目

72104009

2024

医学与社会
华中科技大学同济医学院

医学与社会

CSTPCDCHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.178
ISSN:1006-5563
年,卷(期):2024.37(5)
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