我国中老年人慢性病共病患病率的变化趋势及影响因素分析
Analysis on Trends and Influencing Factors of Prevalence of Multimorbidity of Chronic Diseases Among Middle-aged and Elderly People in China
王霁一 1冯星淋1
作者信息
- 1. 北京大学公共卫生学院卫生政策与管理学系,北京,100191
- 折叠
摘要
目的:分析我国中老年人慢性病共病患病率的变化趋势及影响因素,为制定慢性病共病防治干预和管理措施提供参考.方法:利用中国健康与养老追踪调查的5 期数据,以74954 名中老年人为研究对象,根据慢性病种类将慢性病共病划分为躯体疾病共病和躯体疾病-精神障碍共病两类,分别分析中老年人两类慢性病共病患病率的变化趋势,使用广义估计方程模型探究躯体疾病共病、躯体疾病-精神障碍共病患病率的影响因素.结果:2011-2020 年,我国中老年人躯体疾病共病患病率由 17.7%上升至 29.6%,躯体疾病-精神障碍共病患病率由27.9%上升至33.3%.在婚、受教育程度高、居住在城市是躯体疾病共病的危险因素,却是躯体疾病-精神障碍共病的保护因素,高龄、家庭人均支出高、无工作则是躯体疾病共病和躯体疾病-精神障碍共病共同的危险因素.结论:我国中老年人躯体疾病共病患病率和躯体疾病-精神障碍共病患病率总体呈持续上升趋势,应根据其不同的社会人口学特征和社会经济地位分布特点,尤其关注女性、居住在农村、受教育程度低、无医疗保险中老年人群体的躯体疾病-精神障碍共病状况,制定有针对性的综合干预策略和健康管理措施.
Abstract
Objective:To analyze the trends and influencing factors of the prevalence of multimorbidity of chronic diseases among middle-aged and elderly people in China,so as to provide references for the formulation of intervention and management measures for the prevention and treatment of multimorbidity.Methods:Using data from 74954 middle-aged and elderly people in five phases of China health and retirement longitudinal study,the multimorbidity was divided into two categories including physical multimorbidity and physical-mental multimorbidity,the changing trends of them were analyzed,and influencing factors were ex-plored using the generalized estimating equation model.Results:The prevalence of physical multimorbidity among middle-aged and elderly people in China rose from 17.7%to 29.6%,and the prevalence of physical-mental multimorbidity rose from 27.9%to 33.3%in 2011-2020.The results showed that being married,highly educated,and residing in the city were risk factors for physi-cal multimorbidity,and they were protective factors for physical-mental multimorbidity.Older age,high per capita household ex-penditure,and unemployment were common risk factors for physical multimorbidity and physical-mental multimorbidity.Conclu-sion:The prevalence of physical multimorbidity and physical-mental multimorbidity among middle-aged and elderly people in Chi-na is continuously increasing.They exhibit different social demographic characteristics and socioeconomic status distributions,and targeted comprehensive intervention strategies and health management measures should be developed based on their different distri-bution characteristics,especially for physical-mental multimorbidity of females and middle-aged and elderly people living in rural areas,with low education levels and no medical insurance.
关键词
慢性病管理/共病/患病率/影响因素Key words
Chronic Disease Management/Multimorbidity/Prevalence/Influencing Factor引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(71761130083)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据