摘要
目的:分析安徽省池州市2018-2021 年出生儿童 5 种非免疫规划疫苗的接种情况,为提高儿童非免疫规划疫苗接种率提供参考依据.方法:采用分层随机抽样方法,通过安徽省免疫规划信息管理系统随机抽取池州市2018-2021 年1 月1 日-1 月31 日出生儿童的预防接种记录,分析水痘减毒活疫苗、肠道病毒71 型灭活疫苗、口服轮状病毒减毒活疫苗、13 价肺炎球菌多糖结合疫苗、流感病毒疫苗的接种情况.结果:安徽省池州市2018-2021 年出生儿童5 种非免疫规划疫苗的平均接种率为:水痘减毒活疫苗82.67%,肠道病毒71 型灭活疫苗75.17%,口服轮状病毒减毒活疫苗 34.17%,13 价肺炎球菌多糖结合疫苗 15.25%,流感病毒疫苗23.33%.不同性别儿童5 种疫苗接种率的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);各年龄组中 5 种疫苗接种率的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);居住属性中,本地儿童和流动儿童的水痘减毒活疫苗和口服轮状病毒减毒活疫苗接种率的差异有统计学意义以外(P<0.05),其余 3 种疫苗接种率的差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:安徽省池州市2018-2021 年出生的儿童5 种非免疫规划疫苗接种率仍有待提高,且部分疫苗的接种率存在年龄和群体差异,需采取多种方式、结合多种途径提高适龄儿童非免疫规划疫苗的接种率.
Abstract
Objective:To analyze the vaccination status of five non-national immunization program vaccines of children born in Chizhou city of Anhui province from 2018-2021,and to provide references for improving the vaccination rate of non-national im-munization program vaccines among children.Methods:Using stratified random sampling,the vaccination records of children born from January 1 to January 31,2018 to 2021 in Chizhou city were randomly selected through the Anhui provincial immunization plan-ning information management system to analyze the vaccination status of live attenuated varicella vaccine,inactivated enterovirus 71 vaccine,live attenuated oral rotavirus vaccine,13-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine,and influenza vaccine.Results:In the period from 2018 to 2021 in Chizhou city of Anhui province,the average vaccination coverage for five non-national immunization program vaccines were reported as follows:the live attenuated varicella vaccine at 82.67%,the inactivated enterovir-us 71 vaccine at 75.17%,the live attenuated oral rotavirus vaccine at 34.17%,the 13-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide conju-gate vaccine at 15.25%,and the influenza vaccine at 23.33%.No statistically significant differences in vaccination rates were ob-served across genders for all five vaccines(P>0.05),indicating uniform coverage irrespective of gender.However,significant dis-parities were detected in vaccination rates across different age groups for all vaccines(P<0.05),highlighting age-specific varia-tions in vaccine uptake.With respect to residency status,statistical analysis revealed significant differences between local and mi-grant children in their uptake of the live attenuated varicella vaccine and the live attenuated oral rotavirus vaccines(P<0.05),whereas no significant differences were noted for the inactivated enterovirus 71 vaccine,13-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine,and influenza vaccine(P>0.05),suggesting a varying impact of residency on vaccination rates for specific vac-cines.Conclusion:The vaccination rate of five non-national immunization program vaccines for children born in Chizhou city of Anhui province from 2018 to 2021 still needs to be improved,and some vaccines have age and group differences.It is necessary to adopt various methods and combine multiple approaches to increase the vaccination rate of non-national immunization program vac-cines among eligible children.
维普
万方数据