Objective To investigate the relationship between perivascular fat density(PFD)of carotid artery and plaque.Methods A retrospective analysis of CT angiography(CTA)images of carotid atherosclerosis was performed.After determining the location of the carotid atherosclerotic plaque,the carotid PFD was automatically identified and measured using computer soft-ware.The PFD of carotid plaque was compared with the PFD of the contralateral non-stenotic carotid artery and the PFD of the ip-silateral non-stenotic carotid artery.The PFD of bilateral non-stenotic carotid arteries was also compared.The relationship be-tween PFD and plaque thickness,calcified plaque,and degree of stenosis was analyzed.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were drawn,and the areas under the curves(AUC)were calculated.Results PFD of carotid plaque was signifi-cantly higher than that of the contralateral non-stenotic carotid artery(-58.61±11.52HU and-66.05±11.81HU,P<0.001).It was also higher than that of ipsilateral non-stenotic carotid(-58.82±12.75HU and-66.70±13.84HU,P<0.001).No statisti-cally significant difference was found between contralateral normal carotid PFD and ipsilateral normal carotid PFD for carotid plaque(-66.91HU±11.69HU and-66.37±16.06HU,P=0.806).The difference between carotid plaque thickness and PFD was statistically significant,P= 0.045.There was no significant difference of whether the plaque contained calcification and the de-gree of stenosis,P= 0.571 and 0.749.The AUC of PFD was 0.645,sensitivity was 45.8％,and specificity was 78％.Conclu-sion In this study,computer-aided identification and measurement of PFD of carotid arteries was used,and the results showed a significant increase in PFD of carotid plaque,which was presumed the asociation with a localized inflammatory response in the vasculature.
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