安乐死合法性的存在主义哲学辩护
Existential Philosophical Defense of the Legality of Euthanasia
张懿1
作者信息
- 1. 北京大学医学人文学院 北京 100191;北京大学马克思主义学院医学部教研中心 北京 100191
- 折叠
摘要
安乐死根据执行方式可分为消极安乐死和积极安乐死,根据病人同意方式分为自愿安乐死和非自愿安乐死.存在主义的生命哲学精髓可概括为"存在的超越性和选择的价值性、死亡的自由性和生命的创造性".从存在主义哲学视角来审视安乐死的合法性问题:消极安乐死基于存在的超越性,让生命有尊严、自然地离开;积极安乐死基于选择的价值性,让生命走向本真的存在;自愿安乐死尊重死亡的自由性,让生命死得其时、获得一个圆满的结局;非自愿安乐死从反面论证了生命的创造性,让生命成就社会幸福、实现完美的谐和.
Abstract
Euthanasia can be classified into passive euthanasia and active euthanasia according to the execution method,and into voluntary euthanasia and involuntary euthanasia according to the patient's consent.The essence of existential philosophy of life can be summarized as"transcendence of existence and value of choice,freedom of death and creativity of life".This paper examines the legality of euthanasia from the perspective of existential philosophy:passive euthanasia is based on the transcendence of existence,allowing life to leave naturally with dignity;active euthanasia is based on the value of choice,allowing life to pursue authentic existence;voluntary euthanasia respects the freedom of death,allowing life to end at the right time and achieve a fulfilling conclusion;involuntary euthanasia demonstrates the creativity of life from the opposite side,allowing life to contribute to societal happiness and achieve perfect harmony.
关键词
消极安乐死/积极安乐死/自愿安乐死/非自愿安乐死/存在主义哲学Key words
passive euthanasia/active euthanasia/voluntary euthanasia/involuntary euthanasia/existential philosophy引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家社会科学基金一般项目(2023)(23BKS110)
教育部高等学校思政课教师研究专项青年项目(2023)(23JDSZK153)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据