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医疗机构开展心理健康体检的优缺点及建议

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基于医疗机构开展心理健康体检的实践视角对心理健康体检的优缺点进行探讨,发现其优点多集中于有利于提升社会整体对于心理健康的关注、有利于降低社会整体对于精神障碍的"污名化"等宏观层面,而缺点多集中于心理健康体检项目存在"不严谨"的可能、可能造成精神障碍检出"扩大化"等微观层面.针对探讨问题提出心理健康体检自愿原则、项目应与常规体检有机结合、慎用心理测验、由心理咨询门诊而非体检中心承担心理健康体检、以人格测评等中性评估为主、加强精神障碍客观宣传、降低歧视与偏见等改进建议,以期为未来心理健康体检标准制定、项目选择等提供参考.
The Advantages,Disadvantages and Suggestions of Developing Mental Health Examination in Medical Institutions
From the perspective of practical implementation in medical institutions,this paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of conducting mental health examinations.It is found that the advantages are mostly focus on enhancing societal attention to mental health and reducing the stigma associated with mental disorders at a macro level.However,the disadvantages mainly revolve around the possibility of laxity in the examination process,which may lead to overdiagnosis of mental disorders at a micro level.To address these issues,recommendations are proposed,including adhering to the principle of voluntary participation,integrating mental health examinations with routine physical check-ups,cautious use of psychological tests,assigning mental health examinations to psychological counseling clinics rather than general examination centers,prioritizing neutral assessments such as personality evaluations,enhancing objective publicity about mental disorders,and reducing discrimination and prejudice.These recommendations aim to provide guidance for the future development of standards and selection criteria for mental health examinations.

mental health examinationmedical institutionmental health

郑亚楠、黎小瑜

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赣南医科大学人文社会科学学院 江西赣州 341000

赣南医科大学第一附属医院心理咨询门诊 江西赣州 341000

赣南医科大学苏区卫生与健康中国建设研究中心 江西赣州 341000

心理健康体检 医疗机构 精神卫生

江西省哲学社会科学重点研究基地项目(2022)

22SKJD41

2024

医学与哲学
中国自然辩证法研究会

医学与哲学

CSTPCDCHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.314
ISSN:1002-0772
年,卷(期):2024.45(11)
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