In the face of the COVID-19 and its multiple crises,Sweden's typical expert system in epidemic prevention and control and the Swedish Constitution have an inseparable relationship with its expert-driven system and the constitutional separation of expert groups and national political institutions.This paper first discusses the basic ideas and foundational concepts of"tyranny of expert",as well as the problems of expert governance system and mechanism exposed in the response to the epidemic.By combing Sweden's overall strategy,epidemic prevention measure system and experience in different stages of the COVID-19 epidemic,from the perspective of political system,this paper reveals how Hayek's knowledge problem contributes to the"tyranny of expert"in the policy-making process.The aim is to summarize the experience and enlightenment of avoiding conflicts within expert-led governance structures for epidemic control,and provides reference for the prevention and control of major infectious diseases and strengthening the construction of public health management in China.