摘要
异种移植作为一种解决器官短缺问题的潜在途径,因基因编辑技术的进步得到快速发展.许多猪到非人灵长类动物的临床前研究已证实,经过基因改造的供体猪在抑制异种移植超急性排斥、急性排斥、凝血紊乱、炎症反应等方面都有显著效果,移植受体的生存期也不断取得突破.同时,以脑死亡患者为受体的亚临床试验说明异种肾脏、心脏用于临床移植具有可行性,而2例异种心脏移植的临床试点更加速了异种移植走向临床应用的步伐.本文就异种移植涉及的器官短缺、发展简史及前沿进展、存在的主要问题、国内发展动态等方面进行论述,旨在为学科建设提供指导.
Abstract
Xenotransplantation,as a potential way to solve the problem of organ shortage,has been rapidly developed due to advances in gene editing technology.Many preclinical studies from pigs to non-human primates have confirmed that genetically modified donor pigs have significant effects in inhibiting hyperacute rejection,acute rejection,coagulation disorders,inflammatory reactions and other aspects of xenotransplantation,and the survival time of transplant recipients has also made continuous breakthroughs.At the same time,subclinical trials with brain-dead patients as recipients demonstrated the feasibility of kidney and heart xenograft for clinical transplantation,and the clinical pilot of 2 cases of xenotransplantation has accelerated the pace of clinical application of xenotransplantation.This paper discusses organ shortage involved in xenotransplantation,its development history and frontier progress,the main existing problems,and domestic development trends,aiming at providing guidance for the discipline construction.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据