Objective To investigate the duration of action and microbial dynamic changes of high-altitude hypoxic gut microbiota during transplantation.Methods ①Establishment of a model for high-altitude hypoxia:the male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into plain group(P group)and hypoxia group(H-4W group),with 6 mice in each group.The H-4W group was exposed to a simulated altitude of 4 000 m for 4 weeks.②Establishment of a model for fecal microbiota transplantation:the male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control group(Con group),fecal microbiota transplantation plain group(FMT-P group)and fecal microbiota transplantation hypoxia group(FMT-H group),with 6 mice in each group.FMT-P group and FMT-H group were given antibiotic cocktail for 2 weeks,fecal microbiota transplantation for 2 weeks,and continued colonization for 2 weeks.16S rDNA was used to detect the changes of gut microbiota.Results Compared with P group,the H-4W group had significant decreases in Shannon diversity index and Simpson diversity index(P＜0.05)and alpha diversity.The composition and structure of gut microbiota were changed(P＜0.01).After fecal microbiota transplantation,the alpha diversity of gut microbiota in FMT-H group was significantly lower than that in FMT-P group(P＜0.01),the abundance of pathogenic bacteria Bacteroides and Escherichia-Shigella increased,and the abundance of beneficial bacteria Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group decreased.After 2 weeks of colonization,there was still a significant difference in alpha diversity between the two groups(P＜0.01).Conclusion The gut microbiota exposed to high-altitude hypoxia still has an effect after 2 weeks of colonization in the recipients,and the disturbances of gut microbiota may be related to intestinal inflammation in high altitude hypoxia environment.
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