Objective To observe the short-term transduction effect of adeno-associated virus serotype 9(AAV9)vector on mouse muscle under different injection methods and doses,and to find a safe and effective gene transduction method for treating Duchenne muscular dystrophy(DMD).Methods The AAV9-Luc vector was constructed by AAV9 packaging plasmid carrying luciferase reporter gene.Female BALB/c mice were injected with different doses of AAV9-Luc by tail vein injection and intramuscular injection,respectively.Three days later,the fluorescence expression in mice was observed under bioluminescence imager,and the distribution of the virus in mice was analyzed.Results The virus was distributed evenly and widely in mice after tail vein injection.During intramuscular injection,a small amount of expression was also found in other muscle tissues except at the injection site,but the expression intensity was the highest at the injection site.In addition,the distribution and expression of the virus in vivo increased with the increase of the dose.When the intramuscular injection dose was 1.26 × 1013 μg/kg,the virus was only expressed near the injection site and in muscle tissues such as extremities and diaphragms,but not in other organs.Conclusion In the technique of AAV9 vector mediated gene therapy for DMD,intramuscular injection with a low dose(1.70 × 1011 μg/mouse,1.26 × 1013 μg/kg)is a suitable transduction method.