Dental caries has always been an important factor troubling the oral health of children."China's Oral Health Action Plan(2019-2025)"formulated by the National Health Commission points out that the long-term planning for oral health problems will gradually shift from"treatment"to"prevention",and scientific prevention is the top priority for improving oral health.Scientific caries prevention should start from the oral characteristics of children of different ages,select toothpastes with suitable fluoride content and appropriate relative dentin abrasion value,use exclusive oral cleaning and care products,and establish the concept of age-specific care for long-term anti-caries.This consensus elaborates on the scientific strategy for preventing caries from the current situation of children's oral care,the misconceptions of parents'care,the oral characteristics of children of different ages,age-specific care,and long-term anti-caries,so as to reduce the prevalence rate of dental caries in children and improve the level of children's oral health.