Clinical effect of photodynamic therapy assisted subgingival scaling and scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis and its influence on the expression levels of VEGF-D,S100A12 and ICAM-1 in gingival crevicular fluid
Clinical effect of photodynamic therapy assisted subgingival scaling and scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis and its influence on the expression levels of VEGF-D,S100A12 and ICAM-1 in gingival crevicular fluid
Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of photodynamic therapy(PDT)assisted subgingival scaling and scaling and root planing(SRP)in the treatment of chronic periodontitis and its effect on the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor-D(VEGF-D),S100 calcium-binding protein A12(S100A12),and intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1)in gingival crevicular fluid(GCF).Methods A total of 24 patients with chronic periodontitis treated in Department of Periodontology,School of Stomatology,Air Force Medical University from September 2023 to April 2024 were selected as the research objects.A self-controlled trial was conducted,with each subject having 4 quadrants.For each quadrant,at least one tooth with a probing depth(PD)≥6 mm and similar disease severity was selected as the index tooth.In total,104 affected teeth were included.The teeth were randomly divided into control group(n=52)and experimental group(n=52).The control group was treated with SRP alone,while the experimental group received PDT in addition to the standard treatment.Periodontal PD,bleeding index(BI),and plaque index(PLI)were measured and compared at baseline(T0),1 month(T1),and 3 months(T2)after treatment between the two groups.Meanwhile,the expression levels of VEGF-D,S100A12 and ICAM-1 in GCF were tested before and after treatment.Results At T1 and T2,both groups exhibited significant reductions in PD,BI,and PLI compared to T0(P＜0.001),with greater improvements in the experimental group(P＜0.001).No significant difference in PLI was observed between T1 and T2 in the control group.Both groups showed a significant decrease in VEGF-D(P=0.023),S100A12(P=0.020),and ICAM-1(P=0.010)in GCF compared to baseline,with a more pronounced reduction in the experimental group(P＜0.01).Conclusion PDT,as an adjunct to SRP in the treatment of chronic periodontitis,can effectively reduce the periodontal clinical indicators such as PD,BI and PLI,and significantly reduce the contents of VEGF-D,S100A12 and ICAM-1 in GCF,thus alleviating the periodontal inflammatory response and enhancing the periodontal health of patients.
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