Hypobaric hypoxic environment at high altitudes is a major risk factor for inducing sleep disorders and cognitive dysfunction,and the effects on sleep and cognition vary at different altitudes.Higher altitudes have a greater impact on sleep and cognition.With increasing altitude,individuals experience frequent awakenings and apnea during sleep,resulting in a decrease in total sleep time and slow wave sleep and ultimately leading to sleep inefficiency.High altitudes can have negative effects on cognitive functions such as learning,memory,executive power,and attention.Sleep disorders and cognitive impairments caused by high altitudes are interrelated and interact with each other,and their mechanism of occurrence and development is still unclear.Therefore,future research should pay more attention to the key mechanisms of sleep disorders and cognitive impairments at high altitudes and explore new effective treatments.
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