Anemia in the elderly is an important public health problem which more attention should be paid as China entered the aging society. Anemia can decrease physical performances and cognitive functions; it can increase rates of hospitalization and mortality. and affect the quality of life. Causes of anemia in this population are complex and multiple, common reasons of anemia in elderly are chronic disease, nutrition deficiency and unexplained anemia. We must pay great attention to the anemia in the elderly hecause of the increasing incidence of anemia in the elderly.