Research progress of programmed death receptor-1 immunosuppressants in advanced hepatocellular cancer
Hepatocellular cancer(HCC)is the most common type of liver cancer.The prognosis of HCC in the middle and late stages is poor,and its incidence rate is on the rise in many countries.In recent years,with a deeper understanding of the immune and pathological mechanisms of HCC,immunotherapy based on tumor immune microenvironment regulation has become a new choice for the treatment of HCC patients.Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed death-1(PD-1)and its ligand programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)are the most widely used,but their efficacy and safety require further clinical research to confirm,and comprehensive evaluation and selection of appropriate treatment plans based on individual patient conditions are needed.This article reviews the research status of PD-1/PD-L1 therapy in HCC,treatment indications for combined transcatheter arterial chemoembolization,tyrosine kinase inhibitors,and local ablation,efficacy and research progress represented by PD-1.It provides a basis for subsequent research on clinical treatment of HCC and PD-1/PD-L1.
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