摘要
目的 了解湖北省十堰市自我报告高血压患者健康素养水平及影响因素,为进一步提升其素养水平提供参考.方法 2022年 7月至10 月采用分层多阶段随机抽样方法,对湖北省十堰市 35～69 岁居民进行健康素养问卷调查,发放问卷 4 421 份,回收有效问卷 4 239 份,将自我报告高血压患者纳入研究.结果 4 239 名调查对象中,自我报告患有高血压者 711名,健康素养水平为 30.80%.不同性别人群健康素养、健康生活方式与行为、健康技能比例比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).不同年龄、文化程度、职业、家庭年收入、自评健康人群健康素养、基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、健康技能比例比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).多因素logistic回归显示,文化程度和自评健康是高血压患者健康素养水平的独立影响因素(P＜0.05).结论 针对高血压患者进行健康教育和健康促进工作时,应重点关注女性、低学历、低收入及农民群体,着重加强健康技能和传染病防治素养的提升.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the health literacy level and influencing factors of self-reported hypertension patients in Shiyan City,Hubei Province,and to provide reference for further improving their literacy level.Methods From July to October 2022,a stratified multi-stage random sampling method was used to investigate the health literacy of residents aged 35 to 69 in Shiyan City,Hubei Province.A total of 4 421 questionnaires were distributed,4 239 valid questionnaires were collected,and self-reported hypertension patients were included in the study.Results A mong the 239 subjects,711 had self-reported hypertension,and the level of health literacy was 30.80%.There were statistically significant differences in the proportion of health literacy,healthy lifestyle,behavior,and health skills among different gender groups(P＜0.05).There were statistically significant differences among different age,education level,occupation,family annual income,health literacy,basic knowledge and concept,healthy lifestyle and behavior,and health skills among self-rated health groups(P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression showed that education level and self-rated health were independent factors influencing health literacy level of hypertension patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion The health education and health promotion for hypertensive patients should focus on women,low education,low income and farmers,and strengthen health skills and infectious disease prevention and control literacy.
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