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粳米方药考略

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粳米是一种药食同源的中药材,其药性平和,运用广泛,用法多样,常见于历代医家的著作中.笔者通过系统梳理历代重要医籍,分析历代医家对于粳米的认识及应用,归纳和探讨不同医学流派对于粳米药用的发挥与创造,以期对当代医家能有所启发.总结发现,除粳米本身外,米油、米泔水、米粉之作用亦为不凡.粳米不仅能益气、止烦、止泻,还能解毒、止痛、止汗、利溲、养胃阴.在治疗身染沉疴痼疾这类特殊情况的患者时,医者则必须先用粳米养护患者胃气继而用他药辨证论治.医圣张仲景认为煮药时粳米的煎煮方法对于整体方剂的作用影响亦不可小视.温病学家对于粳米的选择与应用颇为讲究.近代医家张锡纯则系统论述了山药代粳米的临床运用要点.本文还将简单论述粳米、籼米、糯米三者的区别与联系,用以分辨.
Study of polished round-grained rice from documentary of traditional Chinese medicine
Polished round-grained rice is a kind of drug-food homologous herb of traditional Chinese medicine,which has peaceful medicinal properties,is widely used,and has diverse usage,and is common in the works of physicians of all gener-ations.The author systematically sorted out the important medical books of the past dynasties,analyzed the understanding and application of the doctors of the past dynasties on polished round-grained rice,summarized and discussed the play and creation of different medical schools on polished round-grained rice medicine,hoping to provide some inspiration for the contemporary doctors.It was found that in addition to the rice itself,the effects of rice oil,swill,and rice flour were also ex-traordinary.Polished round-grained rice can not only benefit qi,stop irritability and diarrhea,but also detoxify,relieve pain,antiperspirant,enhance urination,and nourish stomach yin.In treating patients with special conditions,such as chronic ill-nesses,it is necessary to first use polished round-grained rice to preserve the patient's stomach qi and then use other medicine to continue the treatment based on syndrome differentiation.Doctor Zhang Zhongjing believes that the effect of the cooking method of polished round-grained rice on the overall prescription can not be underestimated.Febrile epidemiolo-gists are very particular about the selection and application of polished round-grained rice.Modern doctor Zhang Xichun systematically discussed the main points of clinical application of Dioscoreae Rhizoma instead of polished round-grained rice.This paper will also briefly discuss the difference and relationship between polished round-grained rice,nonglutinous rice,and polished glutinous rice,in order to distinguish.

Polished round-grained riceStudy from documentary of traditional Chinese medicineUsageDioscoreae Rhizoma instead of polished round-grained rice

卢水、姜德友

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黑龙江中医药大学附属第一医院中医内科,黑龙江哈尔滨 150040

黑龙江中医药大学基础医学院,黑龙江哈尔滨 150040

粳米 方药考略 用法 山药代粳米

国家中医药局龙江医学流派传承工作室建设项目

LPGZS2012-14

2024

中国医药导报
中国医学科学院

中国医药导报

CSTPCD
影响因子:1.759
ISSN:1673-7210
年,卷(期):2024.21(9)
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