Renal fibrosis is a process in which chronic kidney disease is stimulated by factors such as infection,trauma,and blood circulation disorders in kidney tissue,leading to infiltration of inflammatory cells into kidney tissue.The results in extracellular matrix accumulation and replacement of normal renal tissue by fibrous tissues,ultimately progressing to end-stage renal disease.The process involves complex pathogenesis,among which the transforming growth factor-β1 signaling pathway and macrophage polarization are closely related to renal fibrosis.This article summarizes the relationship between transforming growth factor-β1 signaling pathway and macrophage polarization,as well as its research progress in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis,based on the latest research results.
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