Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a complex autoimmune disease,and although existing treatment methods can alleviate symptoms,long-term use has significant side effects.In recent years,neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)have received widespread attention as a key factor in pathological process of RA.NETs are released by activated neutrophils and contain DNA and antibacterial proteins.They not only participate in immune defense,but also exacerbate pathological progression of RA through various mechanisms.Regulating peptidyl arginine deiminase 4,reactive oxygen species generation,and deoxyribonuclease can reduce formation and accumulation of NETs and promote NETs clearance.These methods have shown promising prospects in experiments and animal models,but further research and validation are needed for clinical application.With the development of gene editing and nanomedicine,NETs are expected to provide new solutions for precision treatment of RA,improving patient prognosis and quality of life.In depth study of the mechanism of action of NETs in RA can help develop new treatment strategies and provide more effective treatment options for RA patients.
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