Research progress on postoperative pulmonary complication and the influence on clinical outcome
Postoperative pulmonary complication(PPC)is one of the most common postoperative complication.The expert consensus of 2018 pointes out that PPC is a series of respiratory diseases with common pathophysiological mechanisms,including atelectasis,pneumonia,acute respiratory distress syndrome and lung aspiration.According to Catalan surgical patient respiratory risk prediction model,the incidence rate of PPC is 1％to 3％in low-risk patients,6％to 13％in moderate-risk patients,and 38％to 45％in high-risk patients.The occurrence of PPC has a negative impact on short-term and long-term prognosis of patients.In short term,PPC not only prolongs hospitalization time and increases medical expenses,but also significantly increases perioperative mortality and readmission rates.In long run,PPC is associated with a decrease in five-year survival rate,an increase in tumor recurrence,and an increased risk of death from non malignant respiratory diseases.The risk factors for PPC include the patient's underlying health status and lifestyle habits(such as smoking),type of surgery and perioperative management.Preventive measures such as smoking cessation,preoperative rehabilitation and the use of minimally invasive surgical techniques can reduce the incidence rate of PPC,but their impact on long-term prognosis needs further research.
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