Objective To provide a financing cost-benefit analysis model for the issuance of local bonds for public hospital infrastructure projects,and reveals its inherent risks.Methods The case method was used to analyze the cost benefit of financing based on the historical operation data of the case hospital.The future cash flow estimation method was used to build a calculation model and draw analysis conclusions.Results The capital balance model built on the base period data of hospital profits can often obtain an optimistic conclusion that the future income can cover the capital cost.However,after the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic,the operation situation of public hospitals had undergone fundamental changes,and the assumptions of calculation were no longer established,and the financing risk had increased significantly.Conclusion Although special bonds are clearly local financial inputs,they actually become hidden debts of public hospitals.Public hospitals need to use local bonds with caution for infrastructure construction.