The Berthold Laufer wax cylinders were the recording of opera performances from Beijing and Shang-hai in the early 20th century.These recordings have been widely studied over a century while there have been nu-merous inaccuracies and misjudgements in the scholarly work.There is an urgent need to strengthen research in the history of Chinese opera,dramaturgy and sound recording associated with the Laufer wax cylinders.
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