Studying the bell instruments of the Erlitou from the perspective of Chinese music history is essential for understanding their origins and development.There are significant differences in musical performances be-tween the Erlitou pottery bells and bronze bells;notably the bronze bells were not modelled after the pottery bells,but both were developed concurrently as separate types of instruments.The possible lineage from the Taosi bells to the Erlitou bells is doubtful,as the Erlitou bells were likely not influenced by the Taosi culture,indicating divergent musical concepts and evolutionary patterns.The dissemination of the Erlitou bells promo-ted the development of music across regions,profoundly demonstrating their cultural impact and centrality.Additionally,the"loss"of bronze bells during the Erligang period and the dim prospects for music may have been a deliberate choice by emerging authorities.