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鄂东方言语素"么、貌、门"的来源

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湖北东部存在"门"类语素,其音义因地域推移而不同:鄂东北的孝南往北到广水音"门"[.man],为动量词、时间词后缀/中缀;黄冈、武汉,音"门/貌"[.m(ə0]/[.mau],为时间词后缀/中缀.鄂东南大冶、阳新,音"貌"[.mɔ],为动量词、时间词后缀/中缀;咸安,音"巴"[.p(D)],为时间词中缀.西北方言、北部吴语中动量词、时间词后缀"卯"的意义演变路径,与"门/貌/巴"完全对应,后者是"卯"的韵母弱化或鼻化和声调的弱化."门"类语素可能也是来自北宋末的移民.
The Source of the Eastern Hubei(湖北)Dialect Morphemes Me(么),Mao(貌),Men(门)
There are Men(门)morphemes in the eastern part of Hubei(湖北),whose pronunciation and meaning vary due to regional changes:from Xiaonan(孝南)in northeastern Hubei(湖北)to Guangshui(广水)with the sound of Men(门,[.man])Suffix/infix for momentum words and time words;Huanggang(黄冈),Wuhan(武汉),sound Men/Mao(门/貌,[.m(ə)]/[.mau])is the suffix/infix of a time word.Daye(大冶)and Yangxin(阳新)in southeastern Hubei(湖北),with the sound of Mao(貌,[.mɔ]),Suffixes/infixes for momentum words and time words;Xian'an(咸安),pronounced Ba(巴,[.p(D)]),for the affixes of time words.The meaning evolution path of the momentum word and time word suffix Mao(貌)in the northwest dialect and northern Wu(吴)dialect is completely corresponding to Me(么),Mao(貌)and Men(门),which is the weakening of the vowel or nasal tone of Mao(卯)and the weakening of the tone.The morphemes of Men(门)may also come from immigrants from the late Northern Song(北宋)Dynasty.

Men(门)Momentum wordSuffixInfixGrammaticalization

徐英、卢峰玉

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三峡大学文学与传媒学院/国家语言文字推广基地,湖北宜昌 443002

动量词 后缀 中缀 语法化

国家社科基金重大项目国家社会科学基金

18ZDA29718BYY041

2024

语言研究
华中科技大学中国语言研究所

语言研究

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.476
ISSN:1000-1263
年,卷(期):2024.44(1)
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