摘要
以全架曾侯乙编钟中唯一具有齐全十二声律之名的12件套无枚甬钟为例,论证该钟铭所录,是一个以"一律生五音,十二律为六十音"之法建构的曾国宫廷礼乐六十声用声系统.其作为在中国音乐史上首次被发现的先秦六十声学说的整体表现形态,实证了《礼记》所载先秦礼乐"五声六律十二管旋相还宫"的真实存在.公元前433年入葬的曾钟钟铭与传世文献的互证表明,早在公元前五世纪,中国乐人就已创造出并已在宫廷礼乐实践中运用了六十声,以及体现平列音程关系的等音、十二循环律、隔八相生与顺旋逆旋等乐学理论,且以避开三分损益法律数计算的智慧,使用了圈形十二循环律的隔八旋宫推算,在表演领域解决了天道观要求的十二均旋宫问题.
Abstract
Among the bell chimes excavated from the tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng State we can find only one twelve-piece set cast with words meaning the complete twelve-tone temperament,i.e.a 60-tone system for court ceremonial music of Zeng State constructed by the method of"five tones out of a temperament,and sixty tones out of twelve temperaments".As the first discovery of the overall manifestation of the pre-Qin sixty-tone theory,it proves the real existence of the pre-Qin ritual music temperament as recorded in the Book of Rites.
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维普
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