Objective To study the effects of SIS3,a specific inhibitor of signal transduction proteins Smad3,on the expres-sions of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)and Smad3 in the serum of rabbit model with intrauterine adhesion,and to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of intrauterine adhesion.Methods Eighteen adult female New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into control group,model group,and SIS3 treatment group,with 6 rabbits in each group.The rab-bits in the model group and SIS3 treatment group underwent uterine curettage to establish the intrauterine adhesion model.After modeling,the rabbits in SIS3 treatment group received daily injections of 2.5 μg/g SIS3,while the normal group(open abdomen without curettage)and model group received daily injections of equal volumes of 0.9%saline solution.Af-ter 14 days,the blood serum was collected.The protein expression levels of TGF-β1 and Smad3 in the serum of the rabbits were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Real-time quantitative PCR was used to analyze the mRNA expressions of serum TGF-β1 and Smad3.Results Compared to the normal group,the protein and mRNA expres-sion levels of TGF-β1 and Smad3 in the serum of rabbits in the model group were significantly increased(P＜0.05).Com-pared to the model group,the protein and mRNA expression levels of TGF-β1 and Smad3 in the serum of rabbits in the SIS3 intervention group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Additionally,there was a significant positive correlation be-tween the serum protein levels of TGF-β1 and Smad3 in the serum(R2=0.52),as well as between the mRNA levels of TGF-β1 and Smad3 in the serum(R2=0.84).Conclusion SIS3 inhibits the expression of TGF-β1 and Smad3 in the ser-um of rabbits with intrauterine adhesion models,showing potential therapeutic effects for intrauterine adhesion.
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