Clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of nasal mucosal malignant melanoma:Anal-ysis of six cases
Objective To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of primary nasal malignant melanoma.Meth-ods A retrospective analysis was conducted on six cases of malignant melanoma of the nasal mucosa diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University from June 2014 to October 2023.The clinical features,histological morphology,immunophenotype,and molecular detection results were analyzed.Results There were three male and three female patients,with an age range of 43-70 years(mean age:58.6 years,median age:61.5 years).Two cases located in the left nasal cavity,three cases in the right nasal cavity,and one case in the nasal septum.One case was accompanied by sinus involvement.Two cases had cervical lymph node metastasis at the time of diagnosis.Histologically,the tumor cells showed a round or spindle shape,distinct nucleoli,diffuse or clustered distribution,and melanin pigments were visible in one case.Immunohistochemistry showed that SOX10,S100,HMB45,and MelanA were positive,and the Ki-67 prolifera-tion index ranged between 30％and 60％.Four cases were detected to molecular change,of which two cases were found to mutated at NRAS 2 exon,1 case had C-KIT amplification,and 1 case had BRAF-V600E mutation.Conclusion Pri-mary nasal mucosal melanoma is more common in middle-aged and older people.There is no obvious gender predilection in the incidence of this disease.Clinically,it often manifests as nasal polyps,and the diagnostic value of imaging examina-tion is limited.The diagnosis of this disease mainly depends on pathological and immunohistology analysis.Molecular mu-tation detection helps in selecting clinical treatment strategies,and genetic testing should be recommended for all patients.
万方数据
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