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低空经济中飞行活动对人身的损害及刑法应对——基于对eVTOL飞行器的思考

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低空经济是指以航空载运与作业装备技术为主要工具,以低空空域为主要活动场域,以低空飞行活动为最终产出形式的系列经济活动构成的经济领域。低空经济下,人身损害的对象既可能是地面人员,也可能是飞行器内的空中人员。低空经济下的飞行模式可以界分为有人驾驶、基于人体操控的无人驾驶和基于程序设定的无人驾驶。低空经济在飞行区域、飞行技术以及飞行规则等方面所具有的显著特点,造成不同飞行模式之间以及同种飞行模式之间均存在人身致害风险。对于低空经济下人身损害的刑法保护应当秉持积极刑法观,坚持驾驶主体责任和产品主体责任的二分立场,在理解和适用现行刑法规范时应当严格贯彻罪刑法定的基本原则,以此发挥刑法在惩治新型犯罪与保障公民自由中的规范价值。
Real Risks of Personal Injury and Criminal Law Protection in Low-Altitude Economy:Reflections on eVTOL Aircraft
Low altitude economy refers to the economic field consisting of a series of economic activities with aviation transport and operation equipment technology as the main tool,low altitude airspace as the main activity field,and low altitude flight activities as the final output form.In low altitude economy,the object of personal damage may be both the ground personnel and the air personnel inside the aircraft.The flight modes in low altitude economy can be divided into manned,unmanned based on human control and unmanned based on program Settings.The significant characteristics of low-altitude economy in flight area,flight technology and flight rules lead to the risk of personal injury between different flight modes and between the same flight modes.For the protection of personal injury under low-altitude economy,the criminal law should uphold the active criminal law view,adhere to the dichotomy position of driving subject responsibility and product subject responsibility,and strictly implement the basic principle of statutory punishment when understanding and applying the current criminal law norms,so as to exert the normative value of criminal law in punishing new crimes and protecting civil freedom.

Low-altitude EconomyFlight BehaviorPersonal InjuryCriminal Law Protection

胡江、李康明

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西南政法大学法学院,重庆渝北 401120

低空经济 飞行行为 人身损害 刑法保护

2024

政法学刊
广东警官学院 广东省公安司法管理干部学院

政法学刊

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.315
ISSN:1009-3745
年,卷(期):2024.41(4)