摘要
脑小血管病是由各种病因影响脑内小血管而导致一系列复杂且异质性较强的脑血管综合征.脑小血管病的症状多不明显,诊断主要依靠磁共振成像,根据神经影像学表现可分为近期皮质下小梗死、假定血管源性腔隙、假定血管源性脑白质高信号、血管周围间隙、脑微出血、脑皮质表面铁沉积、脑萎缩.目前脑小血管病的致病机制尚不清楚,也缺乏特殊治疗方法,考虑其与脑卒中在危险因素和组织病理学特征等方面存在相似性,故临床可借鉴卒中的防治方法,如降低血压、抗血小板等来进行脑小血管病的治疗,但由于二者存在一定的差异,卒中的治疗对脑小血管病来说并不完全适用,并且还需根据患者个体的情况综合评估.文章对脑小血管病与卒中防治的异同进行了综述.
Abstract
Cerebral small vessel disease is a series of complex and heterogeneous cerebrovascular syndromes caused by various etiological factors that affect small vessels in the brain.Due to a lack of typical symptoms,the diagnosis of cere-bral small vessel disease relies mainly on magnetic resonance imaging,and the neuroimaging findings can include recent small subcortical infarcts,lacunes of presumed vascular origin,white matter hyperintensities of presumed vascular origin,perivascular spaces,cerebral microbleeds,cortical superficial siderosis,and brain atrophy.Currently,the pathogenic mechanism of cerebral small vessel disease remains unclear,and specific treatment is also lacking.Given its similarities with stroke in risk factors and histopathological characteristics,stroke prevention and treatment approaches,such as anti-hypertensive and antiplatelet therapies,can be applied to the treatment of cerebral small vessel disease.However,due to the differences between the two conditions,stroke treatments cannot be fully suitable for cerebral small vessel disease,and an individualized comprehensive assessment is needed.This review presents the management of cerebral small vessel dis-ease and stroke,highlighting their similarities and differences.
基金项目
国家自然科学基金杰出青年科学基金(81825007)
北京市高等学校卓越青年科学家计划(BJJWZYJH01201910025030)
首都卫生发展科研专项(首发-2022-2-2045)
国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1501500)
国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1501501)
国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1501502)
国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1501503)
国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1501504)
国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1501505)
青年北京学者计划(010)
口腔健康北京实验室项目(PXM2021_014226_000041)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据