中国安全科学学报2023，Vol.33Issue(12) ：167-175.DOI:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.12.2206

耦合烟气与蒙特卡罗的隧道火灾疏散及其优化

Coupling smoke information and Monte Carlo simulation for evacuation of tunnel fires and its optimization

张孝春 陈林杰 周舸尧 张兆民 魏瑞超 吴斌斌
中国安全科学学报2023，Vol.33Issue(12) ：167-175.DOI:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.12.2206
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  • 维普
  • 万方数据

耦合烟气与蒙特卡罗的隧道火灾疏散及其优化

Coupling smoke information and Monte Carlo simulation for evacuation of tunnel fires and its optimization

张孝春 1陈林杰 1周舸尧 1张兆民 2魏瑞超 2吴斌斌3
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作者信息

  • 1. 广东工业大学安全工程系,广东广州 511400
  • 2. 深圳职业技术学院新能源汽车研究院,广东深圳 518055
  • 3. 广东省建筑科学研究院集团股份有限公司,广东广州 510010
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摘要

为保证隧道火灾下人员的安全疏散,以广州市某隧道为例,首先,由火源功率、自然风速、火源位置这3种因素组合,形成18个模拟工况;其次,借助火灾动力学模拟工具(FDS)求解可用安全疏散时间(ASET),同时,获取网格内烟气能见度、温度、CO体积分数等危害特征参数;然后,耦合烟气信息与蒙特卡罗模拟,借助Pathfinder求解必需安全疏散时间(RSET)与有效剂量分数(FED);最后,通过双重判据(ASET是否大于RSET、个人风险值FED是否超标)分析场景危险度,并优化危险场景及量化其效果.结果表明:人员疏散风险与火源功率、自然风速显著相关,但与火源位置的相关性不强;基于分区疏散与动态启闭安全出口的方法的疏散优化效率大于10％.

Abstract

In order to ensure the safe evacuation of people under tunnel fire,a tunnel in Guangzhou city was studied as an example.Firstly,18 simulation conditions were formed by the combination of three factors:fire heat release rate,natural wind speed and fire location.Secondly,the available safe evacuation time(ASET)was solved with the fire dynamics simulator(FDS),and the hazard characteristic parameters such as smoke visibility,temperature and CO concentration in the grid were obtained.Then,the smoke information was coupled with Monte Carlo simulation to solve the required safe egress time(RSET)and fractional effective dose(FED)with the Pathfinder.Finally,the double criterion(whether ASET was greater than RSET or not,and whether individual risk value FED exceeded the standard or not)were used to analyze the scenarios,and the hazard scenarios were optimized and their effects were quantified.The results show that the personnel evacuation risk is significantly correlated with the fire heat release rate and natural wind speed,but has nothing to do with fire location.In addition,the evacuation optimization efficiency of the method based on zonal evacuation and dynamic exits is more than 10％.

关键词

隧道火灾/人员疏散/烟气信息/蒙特卡罗模拟/疏散风险/双重判据/优化效果

Key words

tunnel fire/personnel evacuation/smoke information/Monte Carlo simulation/evacuation risk/dual criterion/optimization effect

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基金项目

国家自然科学基金资助(52276108)

广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2019B111102003)

广东大学生科技创新培育专项资金资助项目(pdjh2023b0171)

出版年

2023
中国安全科学学报
中国职业安全健康协会

中国安全科学学报

CSTPCDCSCD北大核心
影响因子：1.548
ISSN：1003-3033
参考文献量8
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