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隧道氢能源汽车泄漏非均匀混合爆炸特性研究

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为解决隧道内氢气泄漏非均匀混合爆炸特性研究不足的问题,利用Fluent数值仿真模拟软件建立长、宽、高分别为60、6.46 和5.5m的隧道模型,研究75 和100 s点火时以及车顶和车后2 个点火位置条件下氢气非均匀混合爆炸特性.结果表明:隧道场景下氢气泄漏体积分数场呈非均匀分布,发生爆炸后压力波与隧道壁面发生反射并向隧道两端出口传播,过程中压力波强度不断减弱;不同点火位置形成的爆炸冲击波传播特征明显不同,爆炸发生位置比氢气体积分数更能够影响爆炸超压;相同时间车后点火的超压普遍大于车顶点火工况的超压,车后 2m位置处的压力峰值能达到100 kPa左右;车后点火位置2m内会对人体造成严重损伤甚至死亡,车后点火位置 4m范围以内的人员也会受到不同程度的伤害.
Study on non-uniform mixed explosion characteristics of hydrogen energy vehicle leakage in tunnel
In order to solve the problem of insufficient research on the non-uniform mixed explosion characteristics of hydrogen leakage in the tunnel,the numerical simulation software Fluent was used to establish a tunnel model with the length,width and height of 60,6.46 and 5.5 m,respectively.The non-uniform mixed explosion characteristics of hydrogen at the ignition time of 75 and 100 s and at ignition positions above and behind the vehicle were studied.The results show that the hydrogen leakage volume fraction field is not uniformly distributed in the tunnel scenario.After the explosion,the pressure wave reflects from the tunnel wall and propagates to the exit at both ends of the tunnel.In the process,the intensity of the pressure wave decreases continuously.The propagation characteristics of the blast wave formed by different ignition positions are obviously different.The influence of the explosion location on explosion overpressure is greater than hydrogen volume fraction.At the same time,the overpressure of ignition behind the vehicle is generally greater than that of ignition above the vehicle.The peak pressure at the position 2 m behind the vehicle can reach about 100 kPa.The rear ignition position within 2 m will cause serious injury or even death to the human body,and personnel within 4 m of the rear ignition position will suffer different degrees of injury.

tunnelshydrogen vehicleshydrogen leakagenon-uniform mixingexplosion characteristic

陈佳燕、杨君涛、何其泽

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应急管理部上海消防研究所,上海 200032

隧道 氢能源汽车 氢气泄漏 非均匀混合 爆炸特性

上海市科委扬帆专项应急管理部消防救援局科技计划项目

22YF14525002022XFZD09

2024

中国安全科学学报
中国职业安全健康协会

中国安全科学学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:1.548
ISSN:1003-3033
年,卷(期):2024.34(8)