宅基地使用权继承的证成与规则构造
The Proof and Rule Construction of the Inheritance of the Right to Use Homestead Land
陈明之 1温世扬2
作者信息
- 1. 中南财经政法大学法学院
- 2. 武汉大学法学院
- 折叠
摘要
宅基地使用权继承困境之症结在于"两权分离"架构下宅基地的保障属性与财产属性共存于宅基地使用权之中.在宅基地"三权分置"改革背景下,宅基地资格权承接宅基地的居住保障属性,宅基地使用权则回归纯粹用益物权属性.作为行政管理层面的规制手段,《土地管理法》相关规定不构成宅基地使用权继承的限制性因素.宅基地使用权能够在私法层面被构造为可供继承之遗产,进而适用《民法典》继承编相关规定.宅基地使用权继承人并不受是否具有集体经济组织成员身份的限制,且国家、组织亦可成为宅基地使用权受遗赠人.宅基地使用权期限应当采纳"固定期限+自动续期"规则,其中固定期限可以参照城镇居住用地70年的标准.因继承取得宅基地使用权不享有地租豁免权,但经农村集体经济组织民主决议通过后,可减免特殊群体的宅基地使用费.
Abstract
The crux of the dilemma of inheriting the right to use homestead land lies in the coexis-tence of the residential security and property attributes of homestead land under the"separation of two rights"framework.In the context of the"separation of three rights"reform of homestead land,the quali-fication right of homestead land inherits the residential security attribute of homestead land,while the right to use homestead land returns to the pure usufructuary property attribute.As a regulatory measure at the ad-ministrative level,the relevant provisions of the Land Administration Law do not constitute restrictive fac-tors for the inheritance of the right to use homestead land.The right to use homestead land can be construc-ted as an inheritable inheritance scope at the private law level,and then applicable to the relevant provi-sions of the Inheritance Part of the Civil Code.The inheritor of the right to use homestead land is not limited by the membership of a collective economic organization,and the state or organization can also become the legatee of the right to use homestead land.The term of the right to use homestead land should adopt the"fixed term+automatic renewal"rule,where the fixed term can refer to the standard of 70 years for urban residential land.The right to use homestead land obtained through inheritance does not enjoy exemption from land rent,but after passing a democratic resolution by rural collective economic organizations,the fee for using homestead land for special groups can be reduced or exempted.
关键词
宅基地使用权/继承/"三权分置"Key words
The Right to Use Homestead Land/Inheritance/"Separation of Three Rights"引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据