裁判设立居住权的解释论
The Doctrinal Analysis of the Right of Habitation Established by Judgment
郑里1
作者信息
摘要
在意定居住权之外,存在法院裁判设立居住权的空间,但应限定为在离婚财产分割、遗产分割及离婚经济帮助案件中以居住权为救济手段的情形,且法院只能依一方当事人的请求为其设立,不得依职权径行设立.裁判设立之居住权应带有严格的人身专属性,以防止其任意流转.裁判设立居住权并不满足《民法典》第229条规定的构成要件,须在办理居住权登记后才发生物权效力;居住权未登记时,权利人尽管能够居住、使用特定住宅,但无法对抗取得所有权的第三人,也不得依《民事诉讼法》第251条对抗债权人的强制执行.
Abstract
There is scope for courts to set up the right of habitation besides the right established by contracts.However,it should be limited to cases of property partition in divorce,inheritance partition and financial assistance in divorce where the right of habitation is a remedy for one of the parties,and it may only be established by the request of one of the parties.The court shall not make the judgement by ex offi-cio.The right of habitation established by a court should be strictly exclusive to the person in order to avoid its arbitrary transfer.The creation of the right of habitation by a court does not satisfy the application re-quirements set out in Article 229 of Chinese Civil Code and does not become validity in rem until registra-tion.When the right of habitation is not registered,although the entitled person can live in and use the par-ticular dwelling,the entitled person cannot oppose a third party who has acquired ownership and the en-forcement of creditors in accordance with Article 251 of Chinese Civil Procedure Law.
关键词
居住权/裁判设立/生效法律文书/物权法定Key words
Right of Habitation/Establishment by Judgement/Effective Legal Document/Numerus Clauses引用本文复制引用
基金项目
中南财经政法大学博士生科研创新项目(202210614)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据