目的:探讨SMARCA4(SWI/SNF-related,matrix-associated,actin-dependent regulator of chromatin,subfamily A,member 4)在铁死亡中的作用和分子机制.方法:(1)培养人纤维肉瘤细胞系HT1080,设置对照[二甲基亚砜(dimethyl sulfoxide,DMSO)]组和不同浓度(31.25、62.5和125 nmol/L)Ras选择性致死小分子3(Ras-selec-tive lethal small molecule 3,RSL3;铁死亡诱导剂)处理组,每组3个复孔;利用Western blot检测细胞中SMARCA4蛋白水平.(2)利用2条小干扰RNA敲减HT1080细胞的SMARCA4基因,并将细胞分为阴性对照组和SMARCA4基因敲减(siSMARCA4-1和siSMARCA4-2)组,每组3个复孔;利用Western blot检测3组细胞中SMARCA4蛋白水平;利用高内涵细胞成像分析系统检测DMSO、坏死抑素2外消旋体(necrostatin 2 racemate,Nec-1s;坏死性凋亡抑制剂)、N-苯甲基氧化碳酰-缬氨酸-丙氨酸-天冬氨酸-氯化丙酮[Z-VAD(OMe)-FMK,Z-VAD;广谱caspase抑制剂/凋亡阻断剂]和铁抑素1(ferrostatin-1,Fer-1;铁死亡抑制剂)处理后3组细胞的存活率;利用RT-qPCR和流式细胞术检测3组细胞的铁死亡指标:前列腺素内过氧化物合成酶2(prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2,PTGS2)基因转录、脂质过氧化、总活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)、不稳定铁池(labile iron pool,LIP)和谷胱甘肽;利用RT-qPCR检测3组细胞中铁代谢基因、调控铁死亡的ROS调节基因和胆固醇合成关键基因的转录水平;利用高内涵细胞成像分析系统检测胆固醇处理后3组细胞的存活率.(3)对已发表的在线数据进行共同差异基因分析和基因本体论(gene on-tology,GO)富集分析.结果:(1)RSL3处理降低SMARCA4蛋白水平(P＜0.05).(2)敲减SMARCA4导致细胞铁死亡.(3)敲减SMARCA4不通过影响LIP或调控铁死亡的ROS调节基因的转录水平而导致铁死亡.(4)敲减SMARCA4影响细胞膜、脂筏相关通路和胆固醇合成;(5)补充胆固醇可以挽救敲减SMARCA4导致的铁死亡(P＜0.01).结论:铁死亡诱导剂RSL3处理降低人纤维肉瘤HT1080细胞中的SMARCA4蛋白水平,且敲减SMARCA4通过抑制胆固醇合成导致HT1080细胞铁死亡.
Knockdown of SMARCA4 leads to ferroptosis of HT1080 cells through inhibition of cholesterol synthesis
AIM:To investigate the role and molecular mechanisms of SMARCA4(SWI/SNF-related,matrix-associated,actin-dependent regulator of chromatin,subfamily A,member 4)in ferroptosis.METHODS:(1)Human fi-brosarcoma HT1080 cells were treated with dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)and different concentrations(31.25,62.5 and 125 nmol/L)of Ras-selective lethal small molecule 3(RSL3;ferroptosis inducer).Each treatment had 3 replicate wells of cells.The protein levels of SMARCA4 were detected by Western blot.(2)Two small interfering RNAs(siSMARCA4-1 and siSMARCA4-2)were constructed according to the SMARCA4 gene sequence.After SMARCA4 knockdown,each treat-ment had 3 replicate wells of cells,and the protein levels of SMARCA4 were determined by Western blot.Effects of DMSO,necrostatin 2 racemate(Nec-1s;necroptosis inhibitor),Z-VAD(OMe)-FMK(Z-VAD,pan-caspase inhibitor/apoptosis inhibitor)and ferrostatin-1(Fer-1,ferroptosis inhibitor)on cell viability were assessed using high-content analy-sis.The levels of ferroptosis indicators,including prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2(PTGS2)transcription,lipid peroxidation,reactive oxygen species(ROS),labile iron pool(LIP)and glutathione,were determined by RT-qPCR and flow cytometry.The mRNA expression levels of pivotal iron metabolism genes,ferroptosis-related ROS regulatory genes,and cholesterol synthesis-related genes were measured using RT-qPCR.Impact of cholesterol on the cell viability were as-sessed using high-content analysis.(3)Common differential gene analysis and gene ontology(GO)enrichment analysis were performed on published online data.RESULTS:(1)Treatment with RSL3 significantly reduced the protein level of SMARCA4(P＜0.05).(2)Knockdown of SMARCA4 resulted in ferroptosis.(3)Knockdown of SMARCA4 did not induce ferroptosis by modulating the LIP and the transcription levels of ROS-related genes.(4)Knockdown of SMARCA4 affected the pathways associated with the cell membrane,lipid raft,and cholesterol synthesis.(5)Addition of cholesterol to cell culture medium rescued the ferroptosis induced by SMARCA4 knockdown(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION:Treatment with RSL3 reduces the protein level of SMARCA4 in human fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells,and inhibition of cholesterol synthesis by SMARCA4 knockdown leads to the ferroptosis of HT1080 cells.
万方数据
维普
