摘要
目的:探讨原人参三醇(PPT)对耐紫杉醇(PTX)人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞(MB231-PR细胞)耐药性的影响.方法:构建MB231-PR耐药细胞作为细胞模型.以不同浓度的PPT作用于MB231-PR细胞一定时间.用CellTiter-Glo试剂和集落形成实验测定MB231-PR细胞和MDA-MB-231亲本细胞(MB231-PT细胞)的活力.用流式细胞术测定PPT和PTX联合使用后细胞sub-G1期的变化.Western blot法用于评估细胞凋亡相关蛋白cleaved caspase-3、cleaved多腺苷二磷酸核糖聚合酶(PARP)、survivin、B细胞淋巴瘤2(Bcl-2)和Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)的表达水平.萤光素酶报告基因实验和免疫荧光染色用于检测核因子κB(NF-κB)活性.ELISA检测白细胞介素6(IL-6)和IL-8蛋白表达水平.qPCR检测IL-6、IL-8、CXC趋化因子配体1(CXCL1)、CC趋化因子配体2(CCL2)、CD44、NANOG、八聚体结合转录因子4(OCT4)、性别决定区Y框蛋白2(SOX2)和醛脱氢酶1(ALDH1)的mRNA表达水平.肿瘤球形成实验用于评估干细胞特性.结果:(1)PPT以剂量依赖性方式显著降低MB231-PR细胞活力(P<0.01),半数抑制浓度(IC50)为18.17 μmol/L.PPT和PTX联合治疗后,MB231-PR细胞活力显著降低(P<0.01),诱导sub-G1期的积累(P<0.01),Bax/Bcl-2的比值上调(P<0.01),cleaved caspase-3和cleaved PARP蛋白水平升高(P<0.05),sur-vivin蛋白表达水平下降(P<0.01).(2)PPT与PTX联合治疗后,炎症细胞因子(IL-6、IL-8、CXCL1和CCL2)和肿瘤干细胞标志物(OCT4、SOX2、NANOG、ALDH1和CD44)的mRNA表达水平下调(P<0.05),IL-6和IL-8的蛋白表达水平降低,显著抑制MB231-PR细胞NF-κB的活性(P<0.05),并损害MB231-PR细胞的肿瘤球体生长(P<0.05).(3)PTX处理诱导了核p-p65的表达,这种作用可以被PPT减弱.结论:PPT联合PTX可通过抑制炎症细胞因子和肿瘤干细胞来降低MB231-PR细胞对紫杉醇的耐药性.
Abstract
AIM:To investigate the effect of protopanaxatriol(PPT)on the drug resistance of paclitaxel(PTX)-resistant human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells(MB231-PR cells).METHODS:The MB231-PR cells were constructed as cell models.They were treated with PPT,and incubated for a certain period of time according to the experi-mental settings.CellTiter-Glo was used to determine the viability of MB231-PR cells and MDA-MB-231 parental cells(MB231-PT cells).The change of sub-G1 phase was detected by flow cytometry.Western blot was used to evaluate the apoptosis-related proteins,such as cleaved caspase-3,cleaved poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP),B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2),Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax)and survivin.The activity of nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)was detected by lu-ciferase reporter assay and immunofluorescence assay.The mRNA expression levels of interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-8,chemo-kine CXC motif ligand 1(CXCL1),chemokine CC motif ligand 2(CCL2),CD44,NANOG,octamer-binding transcrip-tion factor 4(OCT4),sex-determining region Y-box 2(SOX2)and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1(ALDH1)were detected by qPCR.The protein levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were measured by ELISA.Tumor sphere formation assay was used to evaluate the characteristics of stem cells.RESULTS:(1)The viability of MB231-PR cells was suppressed by PPT treatment in a dose-dependent manner compared with MB231-PT cells(P<0.01).Besides,the viability of MB231-PR cells was de-creased after combined treatment with PPT and PTX(P<0.01),the accumulation of sub-G1 phase was induced(P<0.01),the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 was elevated(P<0.01),and the protein levels of survivin,cleaved PARP and cleaved cas-pase-3 were increased(P<0.05).(2)After PPT treatment combined with PTX,the mRNA expression of inflammatory cy-tokines(IL-6,IL-8,CXCL1 and CCL2)and cancer stem cell-related markers(OCT4,SOX2,NANOG,ALDH1 and CD44)was reduced(P<0.05),and the protein levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were decreased(P<0.01).The activity of NF-κB in MB231-PR cells was suppressed(P<0.05),and the growth of tumor spheres from MB231-PR cells was damaged(P<0.05).(3)Immunofluorescence assay showed that PTX induced nuclear p-p65 expression,but this effect was attenuated by PPT.CONCLUSION:Combined treatment with PPT and PTX could attenuate PTX resistance of MB231-PR cells by inhibiting inflammatory cytokines and cancer stem cells.
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(81603342)
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization(2021B1212040007)
Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022A1515012641)
Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2024A1515012948)
Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Project(20221107)
Guangzhou Science and Technology Projects(2024A03J0154)
Guangzhou Science and Technology Projects(2023B01J1004)
Foshan"Summit Plan"of Building High-Level Hospitals()
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据