Mechanism of ginsenoside Rd in alleviating asthma by down-regulating DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission
AIM:To explore the molecular mechanism by which ginsenoside Rd alleviates airway inflamma-tion induced by cockroach extract(CRE)in asthmatic mice through dynamin-related protein 1(DRP1)-mediated mito-chondrial fission.METHODS:BALB/c mice and human airway epithelial BEAS-2B cells were divided into control group,model group(CRE group),CRE+low-dose ginsenoside Rd group,CRE+high-dose ginsenoside Rd group,and CRE+dexamethasone group.The pathological changes of lung tissues were observed by HE staining.The levels of helper T cell(Th1/Th2)factors were detected by ELISA and flow cytometry.Western blot and fluorescence staining were used to detect reactive oxygen species(ROS)production,mitochondrial fission proteins,and mitochondrial morphology.RE-SULTS:Ginsenoside Rd significantly attenuated CRE-induced inflammatory cell infiltration around the airway,reduced serum total immunoglobulin E(IgE)and CRE-specific IgE levels(P<0.05),decreased the proportion of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(P<0.05),and corrected the imbalance of Th1/Th2(P<0.05).Ginsenoside Rd also reduced the levels of DRP1,p-DRP1(Ser616)and mitochondrial fission protein 1(FIS1)in the lung tissue of model mice and BE-AS-2B cells induced by CRE(P<0.05),improved mitochondrial morphology,and inhibited ROS production.CONCLU-SION:Ginsenoside Rd attenuates CRE-induced asthma airway inflammation by down-regulating DRP1-mediated mito-chondrial fission.Our findings provide new insights into the immunopharmacological effects of ginsenoside Rd in asthma models.
ginsenoside Rddynamin-related protein 1mitochondriaasthma
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