Mixing Ratios Effects on Production Performance and Quality in Oat and Common Vetch Intercropping Systems
A field trial was conducted to identify optimal mixing ratios for establishing high-yielding,high-quality artificial grassland through intercropping oat(Avena sativa L.)and common vetch(Vicia sativa L.).The study aimed to enhance forage biomass yield and nutritional quality.Five mixing ratios of oats and common vetch was evaluated:1∶0(oat monoculture),3∶1,1∶1,1∶3,and 0∶1(common vetch monocul-ture).Hay yield,nutritional quality,relative density,land equivalent ratio,and seed yield at oat growth stages of flowering,milk-ripe,and late milk-ripe for each mixing ratio.The results showed that common vetch exhibited the greatest plant height at 1∶1 mixing ratio.Hay yield was maximized at the flowering and milk-ripe stages with a 1∶1 oat-vetch ratio.Relative density of both oat and common vetch peaked at the milk-ripe stage.Increasing common vetch in the mixture gradually increased the contents of crude protein(CP),acid detergent fiber(ADF),and relative forage value(RFV)in hay,while decreasing the contents of crude fiber(CF)and neutral detergent fiber(NDF).The 1∶1 mixing ratio produced the highest hay CP yield at both flowering and milk-ripe stages.Land equivalent ratio(LER)increased with a higher proportion of common vetch,while total seed yield decreased.In conclusion,compared to oat monoculture,hay mixtures with common vetch demonstrated significant advantages in biomass yield and forage quality,leading to improved land-use efficiency.Based on this study,a 1∶1 mixing ratio of oat and common vetch is recom-mended for establishing high-quality artificial grasslands.
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