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我国草原生态保护补偿机制的实践与重点建设任务

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草原是我国重要的自然生态系统，生态保护补偿是协调草原生态与生产关系，平衡保护群体和受益群体的重要机制和制度安排，对我国生态文明建设及草原生态保护与区域高质量发展具有重要的作用。本文系统总结近年来我国草原生态保护补偿的实践，全面分析现行补偿制度存在的短板，借鉴已有研究成果，完善了草原生态保护补偿制度框架体系，并提出建立健全相关法律法规和配套政策、强化生态监测及监管体系建设、优化草原生态保护补助奖励政策、完善草原保护和退化草原生态修复治理体系、促进产业发展并保障优质产品高附加值实现、探索多元化补偿等一系列重点建设任务，为推进我国草原生态保护补偿制度的健全和完善提供有益参考。
Practice and Key Construction Tasks of Grassland Ecological Protection Compensation Mechanism in China
Grassland is an important natural ecosystem in China.Ecological protection compensation is an important mechanism and institutional arrangement for coordinating grassland ecology and production relations,and balancing the protection and benefit groups,it plays a vital role in the construction of ecologi-cal civilization,the protection of grassland ecology and the development of regional high-quality.This paper systematically summarizes the practice of grassland ecological protection compensation in China in recent years,comprehensively analyzes the shortcomings of the current compensation system,and draws on the existing research results,improves the framework of the grassland ecological protection compensa-tion system,and proposes a series of key construction tasks such as establishing and improving relevant laws and regulations,and supporting policies,strengthening the construction of the ecological monitoring and supervision system,optimizing the subsidy and reward policy of grassland ecological protection,improving the grassland protection and ecological restoration and management system of degraded grass-lands,promoting industrial development and ensuring the realization of high value-added products,and exploring diversified compensation.It can provide a useful reference for promoting the improvement and perfection of the grassland ecological protection compensation system in China.

GrasslandEcological protectionEcological managementCompensation mechanismsCountermeasures and suggestions

张一然、苏敏、方婷婷、于晓旭、刘丽、乌日力嘎、迟延艳、丁勇

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内蒙古自治区草原保护生态学重点实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010

中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特 010010

中国农业科学院研究生院,北京 100081

青岛农业大学草业学院,山东 青岛 266109

内蒙古绿川环境科技有限公司,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010000

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草原 生态保护 生态治理 补偿机制 对策建议

国家自然科学基金面上项目内蒙古自治区科技计划内蒙古自治区科技计划内蒙古自治区科技计划中国农科院北方农牧业技术创新中心项目国家林业和草原局行业科技重大项目九三学社中央-内蒙古自治区政府战略合作调查研究项目

720742132023KYPT00062019ZD0082020ZD0020BFGJ202209LCZD202006NMGZC-C-F-230312-1

2024

10.16742/j.zgcdxb.20230060

中国草地学报
中国农业科学院草原研究所 中国草地学会

中国草地学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.347
ISSN：1673-5021
年,卷(期)：2024.46(3)
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