甘南天然草原植物病害及其对放牧方式的响应
Survey of Plant Diseases and Responses to Grazing in Natural Grassland of Gannan
董万清 1戚新和 2丁婷婷 1李法喜 1孙逊 1闫智臣 1辛中尧 3李建红 2袁明龙 1段廷玉1
作者信息
- 1. 兰州大学草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室/农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室/草地农业教育部工程研究中心/甘肃省西部草业技术创新中心/兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃 兰州 730020
- 2. 甘肃省林业科学技术推广总站,甘肃 兰州 730046
- 3. 甘肃省生态资源监测中心,甘肃 兰州 730030
- 折叠
摘要
植物病害是限制草地生产力及其产品质量的重要因素.本研究于2020～2021年连续2个生长季,采用随机取样方法调查了甘肃省甘南藏族自治州天然草原重要牧区植物病害种类、分布及危害情况,探究了主要病害对放牧利用的响应.结果表明,本研究共发现植物病害54种,涉及草地植物14科42属49种,以禾本科、菊科、毛茛科和莎草科植物病害种类最多,占病害调查总数的55.56%;不同调查点病害种类及危害程度不同,总体上7月为病害初发期,8～9月病害种类及危害程度逐渐增加,9月达到最高,主要病害平均发病率>95%,病情指数>55.在阿孜试验站,家畜放牧利用方式影响各类草地植物病害的发生,但不同植物的病害发病规律对同种家畜放牧利用方式的响应存在差异.综上,甘南天然草地病害发病较严重,放牧和围封处理可减轻病害的发生.本研究为甘南天然草原后续科学研究及病害管理工作的开展提供理论指导.
Abstract
Plant disease is a key factor limiting grassland productivity and product quality.This study investigated the types,distribution,and damage of plant diseases over two consecutive growing seasons from 2020 to 2021 in the natural grassland of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Gansu Province,by random sampling method.The response of major diseases to grazing utilization was also explored.The results identified a total of 54 plant diseases in Gannan,involving 49 plant species from 14 families and 42 genera.Notably,species from the Poaceae,Asteraceae,Ranunculaceae,and Cyperaceae families were affected by plant diseases the most,accounting for 55.56%of the total diseases investigated.Disease types and severity varied across different survey points.Generally,July was recognized as the onset of the diseases.Disease occurrence and severity gradually increased from August to September and reached their peaks in September,with the incidence of major diseases exceeding 95%and the disease index surpassing 55.At Azi Experiment Station,the utilization methods of livestock grazing affect the occurrence of various grassland plant diseases.However,the response of the disease occurrence patterns of different plants to the same livestock grazing utilization method varies.In conclusion,the occurrence of diseases in the natural grasslands of Gannan is relatively severe,and grazing and enclosure treatments can alleviate the occurrence of diseases.This research provides theoretical guidance for the subsequent scientific research and the devel-opment of disease management work in the natural grasslands of Gannan.
关键词
植物病害/天然草原/地区/管理措施Key words
Plant diseases/Natural grassland/Regions/Management measures引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据