Clinical characteristics and influencing factors of allergic reaction in patients with negative skin test of β-lactam antibiotics
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and influencing factors of allergic reaction in patients with negative skin test of β-lactam antibiotics.Methods From October 2021 to February 2023,the clinical data of 230 patients with β-lactam antibiotics were retrospectively analyzed.According to the occurrence of allergic reactions,the patients were divided into the anaphylaxis group and the non-anaphylaxis group.The clinical characteristics of patients in the anaphylaxis group were recorded.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the risk factors of allergic reaction in patients with negative skin test of β-lactam antibiotics.Results In this study,the incidence of anaphylaxis was 15.65%,mainly pruritus,rash and wind cluster.Age,chronic respiratory disease history,combined medication,hypoproteinemia,chronic renal insufficiency,malignant tumor and other general data were compared between the two groups(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age,history of chronic respiratory diseases,combined medication,hypoproteinemia,chronic renal insufficiency,malignant tumor were independent risk factors for allergic reactions in patients with negative skin tests of β-lactam antibiotics(P＜0.05).Conclusion The allergic reaction of patients with negative skin test of β-lactam antibiotics is affected by age,chronic respiratory disease history,combined medication,hypoproteinemia,chronic renal insufficiency,malignant tumor and other factors.
β-lactam antibioticsSkin test negativeAllergic reactionClinical featuresInfluencing factor
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