液体活检在肿瘤诊疗全程管理中的现状及展望
Current status and perspectives liquid biopsy in the whole-process management of tumor diagnosis and treatment
李少平 1王迪 2杨若巍 2杨珊珊 2余蕾1
作者信息
- 1. 南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院健康管理中心,江苏南京 210008
- 2. 南京世和基因生物技术股份有限公司,江苏南京 210032
- 折叠
摘要
有效的检测方法能够在早期发现恶性肿瘤迹象,提高患者生存率.液体活检,作为一项新兴的无创技术,通过检测体液中的生物标志物,为恶性肿瘤提供全方位的信息,从而指导更加精准的治疗.液体活检的主要检测指标包括循环肿瘤DNA、循环肿瘤细胞、微小RNA和外泌体等.通过使用不同的技术手段检测这些生物标志物,可以为不同发展阶段的肿瘤提供治疗方向,延长患者的生存期,提高生活质量.相较于传统组织检测,液体活检作为一种非侵入式的手段,具有无创性,克服肿瘤异质性及可以实时监测肿瘤情况等优势.随着技术的不断发展,液体活检在早期、中期和晚期恶性肿瘤治疗中都具有重要的临床指导价值,包括指导肿瘤治疗、研究抗药性机制、预测患者预后、监测复发以及协助早期筛查和诊断.本文将综述当前液体活检技术的发展状况,深入分析液体活检所使用的生物标志物,探讨其在肿瘤诊疗全程管理中的研究进展.
Abstract
Effective detection methods play a pivotal role in early identification of cancer signal,thereby enhancing patient survival rates.Liquid biopsy,as a burgeoning non-invasive technology,provides comprehensive tumor information through body fluid analysis,thus guiding precise cancer treatment.Key biomarkers in liquid biopsy encompass circulating tumor DNA,circulating tumor cells,micro-RNA,exosomes,etc.Leveraging diverse techniques for distinct biomarker detection offers tailored guidance for tumor treatments across different stages,prolongs patient survival,and improves life quality.In contrast to tissue biopsies,liquid biopsy boasts non-invasiveness,surmounts tumor heterogeneity and enables real-time dynamic monitoring.With continual technological evolution,liquid biopsy has demonstrated pivotal clinical guidance in early,intermediate,and advanced-stage cancers,encompassing treatment guidance,drug resistance mechanism exploration,patient prognosis prediction,recurrence monitoring,and facilitating early tumor screening.This article conducts an in-depth analysis of liquid biopsy technology and biomarkers while summarizing and discussing its research advancements in the comprehensive management of tumor diagnosis and treatment.
关键词
肿瘤/液体活检/全程管理/外泌体/循环肿瘤细胞/微小残留病灶/甲基化/片段组学/微小RNAKey words
Tumor/Liquid biopsy/Whole-process management/Extracellular vesicles/Circulating tumor cells/Minor residual disease/Methylation/Fragment omics/Micro-RNA引用本文复制引用
基金项目
南京市卫生科技发展重大项目(ZDX21001)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据