为探究植物群落空间特征与小气候因子和人体舒适度间的关系,文章以聊城市东昌湖湿地公园为研究对象,选择覆盖空间(CS)、封闭空间(ES)、半开敞空间(SOS)和开敞空间(OS)进行样地调查和小气候实测,借助RayMan Pro 3.1 计算秋季生理等效温度(PET)对植物群落空间进行热舒适评价.结果表明:1)不同类型的植物空间温湿度和风速均存在显著差异(P<0.05).2)CS不存在热不适时段,OS的热不适时段最长.3)空气温度与PET呈线性正相关,相对湿度与PET呈线性负相关,风速与PET不相关.4)天空可视因子(SVF)对植物空间舒适度影响最大;绿化用地比例(GR)不影响舒适度;围合度通过影响风速间接影响舒适度.研究结果揭示了不同类型植物空间的舒适度状况,建议在公园绿地建设中增加CS的种植、适当降低植物空间种植密度等,旨在为营造更加多元且舒适的植物空间提供科学依据.
Autumn Thermal Comfort of Plant Spaces at Dongchang Lake Wetland Park in Liaocheng City
In order to explore the relationship between the spatial characteristics of plant communities,microclimate factors and human comfort,the paper takes Dongchang Lake Wetland Park in Liaocheng City as the research object to carry out plot investigation and microclimate measurement in the covered space(CS),enclosed space(ES),semi-open space(SOS)and open space(OS),and calculate the physiological equivalent temperature(PET)in autumn using RayMan Pro 3.1 for evaluating the thermal comfort of plant spaces.The results show:1)There are significant differences in temperature,humidity and wind speed among different types of plant spaces(P<0.05);2)There is no thermal discomfort period in CS,and the thermal discomfort period in OS is the longest;3)Air temperature is positively correlated with PET,relative humidity is negatively correlated with PET,and wind speed is not correlated with PET;and 4)The comfort of plant spaces is most affected by sky visibility factor(SVF),comfort is not affected by green space ratio(GR),and the degree of enclosure has the indirect impact on the comfort through the wind speed.It is hence suggested that CS should be more created in the establishment of park green space,and scientific evidences should be provided for creating more diverse and comfortable plant spaces.
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