Influencing Mechanism of Natural Soundscapes on Attention and Short-term Memory
Natural soundscapes are restorative in nature and have a complex impact on human emotions and cognition,which is an important part of the interaction between humans and nature.Based on the technical route of"pressure input-soundscape perception-cognitive testing",we investigate how natural soundscapes,such as the sound of waves,streams,birdsong,frogs,etc.,affect college students'attention and short-term memory,and construct an influencing mechanism of"natural soundscape-cognitive capacity"using controlled experiment method which takes nature soundscape as the experiment group while urban noises as the control.The results show that:1)In terms of attention,natural soundscape has the most positive effect on the recovery from conflicts,but limited effect on the restoration of alertness and orientation;2)in terms of short-term memory,natural soundscape and promote the restoration of short-term memory,and the sound of frogs(11.30)has the broadest range of memory compared with the urban noises(10.17),followed by the sound of rain(10.70)and the sound of birds(10.60);and 3)Regarding acoustic features,sharpness has a significant correlation(P＜0.05)with the alertness and conflicts of attention.In conclusion,natural soundscape is restorative to attention and short-term memory,and emotion and personal experience are important subjective factors influencing the restoration of cognitive capacity in the context of urban noise.
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