Objective To explore the CT findings of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis(PAP)in order to improve the CT diagnosis of the disease.Methods Sixteen cases of patients with PAP diagnosed by puncture biopsy were collected and compiled,and their CT manifestations were analyzed and summarized in a literature review.Results PAP has severe lung shadow and mild clinical symptoms,and its CT manifestations are diverse,which can be manifested as patchy ground-glass density shadow,paving stone sign,map sign,butterfly wing sign,bronchial inflation sign,lung consolidation and pulmonary interstitial fibrosis,etc;"Paving stone sign"and"map sign"appear at the same time,when the clinical symptoms and signs are inconsistent with CT findings,it strongly suggests the disease.Conclusion PAPCT manifestations are characteristic and can be differentiated from other lung lesions such as pneumonia,pulmonary edema,pneumonic lung cancer,diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and idiopathic interstitial fibrosis in conjunction with the clinic.